You might ask, “Then why are ferrets neutered?” Ferrets are neutered in order to prevent other serious health problems and because it makes them better, friendlier pets. This excess LH continuously stimulates the adrenal gland and with time results in the cell changes (hyperplasia or tumor cells) associated with ferret adrenal disease. The exact reason for this is somewhat complex but in simple terms when the ferret is neutered it no longer produces sex hormones and consequently there is no sex hormone negative feedback to stop production of other hormones in the brain, specifically luteinizing hormone (LH). Research has shown that adrenal disease occurs as a result of neutering (spay or castration). Metastasis (spread outside of the immediate area) of adrenal tumors is uncommon, however, some adrenal tumors can be very invasive locally, and may grow into the blood vessels or internal organs near the tumor’s origin. The most common cause is hyperplasia (excessive growth) of the adrenal gland(s), but tumors, both malignant and benign may also be seen. In the diseased or overactive ferret adrenal gland there is typically an overproduction of sex hormones. In the healthy ferret the adrenal gland produces a number of different hormones that control a variety of body functions from water to electrolyte balance. Adrenal disease is a common syndrome, usually affecting middle aged to older ferrets (three to seven years old).
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